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Economics analysis of food waste treatment in China and its influencing factors

Ting Chen, Yingying Zhao, Xiaopeng Qiu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Xiaojie Liu, Jun Yin, Dongsheng Shen, Huajun Feng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1325-y

摘要： Abstract • Economics of food waste treatment projects at 29 pilot cities in China was examined. • Roles of location, population size, processing technique, and income were studied. • Economic benefits were limited with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. • Service population size affects construction economics significantly (P = 0.016). • Choice of food waste processing technique affects operating economics notably. This study examines the economic benefits of food waste treatment projects in China and factors affecting them. National-level pilot projects for food waste treatment located in 29 cities were selected as samples. The economics of food waste recycling from the investors’ perspective, in terms of investment during the construction phase and cost and benefit during the operation phase, was assessed. Results indicate that the average tonnage investment of food waste treatment projects was RMB 700.0±188.9 thousand yuan, with a profit to cost ratio of 0.08±0.37. This ratio increased to 0.95±0.57 following the application of government subsidies. It highlights the limited economic benefits of food waste treatment facilities, which rely on government subsidies to maintain their operations in China. Further analysis using a multi-factor analysis model revealed that regional location, service population size, processing techniques, and urban income exerted varying impacts on the economy of food waste treatment. Population size exerted the highest impact (P = 0.016) during the construction stage, and processing techniques notably influenced the project economy during the operation stage. The study highlights the need to prioritize service population size and processing techniques during economic decision-making and management of food waste recycling projects. The results of this study can serve as a valuable practical reference for guiding future policies regarding food waste treatment and related planning.

关键词： Recycling economics     Cost-benefit     Food waste treatment     Subsidy     Food waste economy     Circular economy    

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Nudging sustainable consumption of residential energy use: A behavioral economics perspective

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 540-545 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0264-2

摘要： Nudging sustainable consumption of residential energy use: A behavioral economics perspective

关键词： consumption energy use    

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节能优先能源战略的经济学讨论

周大地

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第6期   页码 11-18

摘要：

从我国面临科学发展和转变经济发展方式迫切需求出发，分析节能降耗的总体经济效益，以探讨实施积极的节能降耗目标的经济合理性。笔者对“十一五”期间节能降耗工作的总体经济效益进行了评估，用数据和事实肯定了“十一五”节能降耗的巨大经济效益；并分析了提高能效对我国“十二五”转变经济发展方式，支持长期可持续经济发展的宏观经济效果及其必要性和合理性。

关键词： 能源战略     节能降耗     节能经济效益     科学发展     经济学    

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Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1405-7

摘要：

• Copper fractal growth was observed during WPCBs recycling by slurry electrolysis.

关键词： Dendritic copper     Fractal growth     WPCBs     Slurry electrolysis    

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EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期

摘要：

• Livestock manure was the main organic waste in urban and peri-urban areas.

• Manure production will increase by a factor of 3–10 between 2015–2050.

• Only 13%–38% of excreted N by livestock will be recycled in croplands.

• Intensification of urban livestock production greatly increased N surpluses.

• Reducing population growth and increasing livestock productivity needed.

 

Urban population growth is driving the expansion of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) in developing countries. UPA is providing nutritious food to residents but the manures produced by UPA livestock farms and other wastes are not properly recycled. This paper explores the effects of four scenarios: (1) a reference scenario (business as usual), (2) increased urbanization, (3) UPA intensification, and (4) improved technology, on food-protein self-sufficiency, manure nitrogen (N) recycling and balances for four different zones in a small city (Jimma) in Ethiopia during the period 2015-2050. An N mass flow model with data from farm surveys, field experiments and literature was used. A field experiment was conducted and N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values differed among the five types of composts derived from urban livestock manures and kitchen wastes. The N use efficiency and N fertilizer replacement values were used in the N mass flow model.

Livestock manures were the main organic wastes in urban areas, although only 20 to 40% of animal-sourced food consumed was produced in UPA, and only 14 to 19% of protein intake by residents was animal-based. Scenarios indicate that manure production in UPA will increase 3 to 10 times between 2015 and 2050, depending on urbanization and UPA intensification. Only 13 to 38% of manure N will be recycled in croplands. Farm-gate N balances of UPA livestock farms will increase to>1 t·ha−1 in 2050. Doubling livestock productivity and feed protein conversion to animal-sourced food will roughly halve manure N production.

Costs of waste recycling were high and indicate the need for government incentives. Results of these senarios are wake-up calls for all stakeholders and indicate alternative pathways.

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Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 570-579 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0604-2

摘要： Crop residues are an important biomass, and are significant in the sustainable development of China. This paper uses the Grey-Markov modeling approach, the cost-benefit analysis method, and the constraint optimization method to establish the potential of crop residue recycling in China (CRRC) using a bottom-up analysis. Taking 2010 as the baseline year, the CRRC model is used to determine the quantity trends of crop residue resources, simulating the recycling potential and selecting key crop residue recycling technologies for operation between 2010 and 2030. The results illustrate that the total residue output from different crops will gradually increase to 1062 million tons in 2030. The proportion of crop residue for field burning is expected to decrease as a result of guidance and support from the government. Market mechanisms are also improving the development of the crop residue recycling industry. The economic benefit of crop residue recycling is expected to be worth 132 billion CNY in 2030 according to technology structure options. Key crop residue recycling technologies preferred such as liquefaction, amination, silo, co-firing straw power and composting will account for more than 85% of the total benefits.

关键词： China     crop residue     recycling potential     technology options    

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资源循环

邱定蕃

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第10期   页码 31-35

摘要：

资源是一个国家可持续发展的基础。人类不能无限制地开发自然资源（矿物），而应该尽可能反复利用,逐步建立起资源循环。资源循环学，就是研究如何利用这些产物建立循环系统的科学。资源循环是一个规律，是人类与自然和谐共处、可持续发展的必由之路。资源开发又与环境污染密切相关。尽早建立资源循环型社会，有可能从根本上解决资源短缺和环境污染问题。建立资源循环型社会是一个系统工程，需要政府重视，制定相应法律，科技、教育先行和全社会的共同努力。

关键词： 资源     资源循环     资源开发     资源型社会    

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加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第1期   页码 144-148 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.021

摘要：

在国家政策引导和支持下，我国新能源汽车产业发展迅猛，预计到2020年新能源汽车保有量将超过500万辆。随之而来的新能源汽车动力电池回收利用问题成为行业内的重大议题。动力电池如不进行有效回收处理，将造成严重的环境污染及资源浪费。美、德、日等发达国家均已提前布局动力电池回收领域。本文对我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用存在的问题开展深入分析，为我国加快动力电池发展提出具体的建议。

关键词： 新能源汽车     动力电池     回收    

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Effects of design parameters on rooftop photovoltaic economics in the urban environment: a case study

Hongying ZHAO, Rebecca YANG, Chaohong WANG, W. M. Pabasara U. WIJERATNE, Chengyang LIU, Xiaolong XUE, Nishara ABDEEN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第3期   页码 351-367 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0023-6

摘要： Many researchers found high potential of adopting building photovoltaic (PV) systems in urban areas, especially on building rooftop, to improve the sustainability of urban environment. However, the optimal energy output performance and economic benefit of the PV system are affected by the usable roof area, PV array layout, and shading effect considering high city density. This study aims to understand the effects of these design parameters in the urban environment of rooftop PV’s economic performance. This study carries out a case study in the urban area of Melbourne with 90 PV designs under three shading conditions to generate 270 scenarios. Through a lifecycle cost-benefit analysis, including net present value (NPV), NPV per kW, internal return rate (IRR), and payback year, the results can help in developing a comprehensive understanding of the economic performance of rooftop PV designs that cover most of the urban areas of Melbourne. The optimal PV design scenarios for the urban environment are identified, thereby providing investors and industry professionals with useful information on value-for-money PV design. Meanwhile, the maximum shading loss that makes the PV systems financially unfeasible is investigated, and design scenarios with greatest ability to sustain the shading effect are identified. This research can also support the policy makers’ decision on the development and deployment of the roof PV systems in urban planning.

关键词： building photovoltaics     tilt and azimuth     orientation     shading analysis     economic analysis    

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Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 115-122 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016019

摘要： The uncertainties of remanufactured products in multi-life cycle service, such as injury and restoration process route, are comprehensively analyzed in the present study from perspectives of cost and the environment. Based on life cycle assessment method and the life cycle cost analysis, the optimal timing model of active remanufacturing for electro-mechanical products is established considering these uncertainties. In addition, regarding the active remanufacturing as its guidance, this study explores the economic efficiency and corresponding operation mode of electro-mechanical products when recycling in the optimal timing. To validate the optimal timing model for electro-mechanical products active remanufacturing, a specific type of product is taken as a case study with mathematical statistics method and Monte Carlo simulation.

关键词： electro-mechanical products     active remanufacturing     optimal timing     reverse logistics     recycling mode    

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Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-1001-z

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The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016009

摘要： At present, the research on circular economy has made a lot of substantive results both at home and abroad. But for the papermaking enterprise, which is the representative of the light industry, few studies have analyzed the evaluation index system of circular economy. Since the current material flow analyses have limitations that the researchers cannot calculate materials with different units. The authors take advantage of the intrinsic correlation between the basic principle of value flow analysis and circular economy, and then analyze the dynamic changes of material flow and value flow through enterprises internal production process. Considering the resource output, the authors set up the layered structure of the evaluation index system, and then preliminarily determine the index form. Next, the authors use the frequency statistics analysis method to adjust indicators, forming a preliminary index system. After that, the principal component analysis and independent analysis are applied for screening. Finally, the authors build a circular economy evaluation index system for papermaking enterprise to provide scientific guidance for the process of circular economy.

关键词： circular economy     the papermaking enterprise     material flow analysis     value flow analysis     evaluation index system    

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Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.04.008

摘要： Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have accounted for most of the lighting market as the technology matures and costs continue to reduce. As a new type of e-waste, LED is a double-edged sword, as it contains not only precious and rare metals but also organic packaging materials. In previous studies, LED recycling focused on recovering precious and strategic metals while ignoring harmful substances such as organic packaging materials. Unlike crushing and other traditional methods, hydrothermal treatment can provide an environment-friendly process for decomposing packaging materials. This work developed a closed reaction vessel, where the degradation rate of plastic polyphthalamide (PPA) was close to 100%, with nano-TiO2 encapsulated in plastic PPA being efficiently recovered, while metals contained in LED were also recycled efficiently. Besides, the role of water in plastic PPA degradation that has been overlooked in current studies was explored and speculated in detail in this work. Environmental impact assessment revealed that the proposed recycling route for waste LED could significantly reduce the overall environmental impact compared to the currently published processes. Especially the developed method could reduce more than half the impact of global warming. Furthermore, this research provides a theoretical basis and a promising method for recycling other plastic-packaged e-waste devices, such as integrated circuits.

关键词： Waste LED     Hydrothermal treatment     Recycling     Plastic PPA degradation     Packaging materials    

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废弃沥青材料的循环利用关键技术研究

杨林江

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第1期   页码 56-61

摘要：

通过了解国内外沥青路面再生技术的发展现状，剖析沥青路面老化、再生机理，提出了废旧沥青混合料循环利用的技术，研发出一套行之有效的沥青路面热再生技术，以适应当今形势下的沥青路面再生、资源循环利用和环境保护的需要，为建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会而努力。

关键词： 沥青；路面；废旧料；循环利用；热再生技术；再生沥青混合料    

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什么才是做出最佳基础设施投资的依据？经济因素？恢复力？或二者皆是？

David Singleton AM

《工程（英文）》 2018年 第4卷 第2期   页码 180-181 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.04.001

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Economics analysis of food waste treatment in China and its influencing factors

Ting Chen, Yingying Zhao, Xiaopeng Qiu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Xiaojie Liu, Jun Yin, Dongsheng Shen, Huajun Feng

期刊论文

Nudging sustainable consumption of residential energy use: A behavioral economics perspective

期刊论文

节能优先能源战略的经济学讨论

周大地

期刊论文

Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

期刊论文

EXPLORING THE RECYCLING OF MANURE FROM URBAN LIVESTOCK FARMS: A CASE STUDY IN ETHIOPIA

期刊论文

Assessing the potential of crop residue recycling in China and technology options based on a bottom-up

Lili QU,Tianzhu ZHANG,Wei LU

期刊论文

资源循环

邱定蕃

期刊论文

加快我国新能源汽车动力电池回收利用的建议

赵世佳,徐楠,乔英俊,杨波

期刊论文

Effects of design parameters on rooftop photovoltaic economics in the urban environment: a case study

Hongying ZHAO, Rebecca YANG, Chaohong WANG, W. M. Pabasara U. WIJERATNE, Chengyang LIU, Xiaolong XUE, Nishara ABDEEN

期刊论文

Optimal Timing and Recycling Operation Mode for Electro-Mechanical Products Active Remanufacturing

Wang Gao,Tao Li,Shi-tong Peng,Liang Wang,Hong-chao Zhang

期刊论文

Recycling Materials from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Jinhui Li

期刊论文

The Building of Papermaking Enterprise’s Recycling Economy Evaluation Index System Based on Value Flow

Zhi-fang Zhou,Jing Ou,Sha-sha Wang,Xiao-hong Chen

期刊论文

Multi-Component Resource Recycling from Waste Light-Emitting Diode Under Hydrothermal Condition: Plastic

Yongliang Zhang,Lu Zhan,Zhenming Xu,

期刊论文

废弃沥青材料的循环利用关键技术研究

杨林江

期刊论文

什么才是做出最佳基础设施投资的依据？经济因素？恢复力？或二者皆是？

David Singleton AM

期刊论文